What Is The Difference Between Vitamin D And Vitamin D3?
In this detailed article, learn exactly how Vitamin D differs from Vitamin D3 and find out which form better boosts your health.
Vitamins are essential nutrients that our body needs in small amounts to work properly.
Vitamin D is a general term that refers to a group of fat-soluble vitamins (stored in the body's fatty tissues and liver). Vitamin D is important for calcium absorption and bone health.
"Vitamin D" is an umbrella term for two different forms of the vitamin: vitamins D2 and D3.
Vitamin D vs. D3
Aspect | Vitamin D (D2) | Vitamin D3 |
---|---|---|
Source | Comes from plants and mushrooms | Comes from animals and sunlight |
Effectiveness | Less effective at raising Vitamin D levels | More effective and works better in the body |
Stability | Can break down easily in heat and light | More stable and stays strong longer |
Conversion | The body turns it into a usable form, but not very efficiently. | The body turns it into a usable form more easily. |
Common Usage | Found in some supplements and fortified foods | Commonly used in most supplements because it's better |
Blood Levels | Raises Vitamin D levels but not as well | Raises and keeps Vitamin D levels higher |
Absorption | Not as easily absorbed by the body | Absorbed more easily and used better by the body |
- "Vitamin D" typically refers to D2 because it was identified first.
- Fortified foods simply mean vitamins or minerals added to them that are not naturally present in the food.
Which One Is Better Vitamin D (D2) Or D3?
When we take Vitamin D2 or D3, our body turns them into something called calcifediol. Both Vitamin D2 and D3 get into our blood just fine, but they are processed differently by the liver.
Vitamin D3 is better and almost twice as strong at raising the amount of calcifediol in our blood than Vitamin D2.
Vitamin D3 is better at making more calcifediol in the blood than Vitamin D2.
A team of researchers led by Linda J. Schoonmade to study the effectiveness of Vitamin D2 and D3 in raising the calcifediol, or 25(OH)D, levels stated:
Overall, the results based on 20 comparative studies showed vitamin D3 to be superior to vitamin D2 in raising total 25(OH)D concentrations.
A study published in the National Library of Medicine.
This means D3 is stronger and more effective than D2.
How Do Vitamin D and D3 Help You?
Once vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 are changed into their active forms in the body, they do many important jobs. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and phosphorus, which are needed for strong bones and muscles. Vitamin D also helps with:
- Keeping the immune system strong to fight off viruses and bacteria
- Controlling blood sugar levels
- Keeping the heart healthy
- Supporting brain function and mood
- Reducing the risk of some cancers
How Does Vitamin D Deficiency Feel Like?
Sometimes, not getting enough Vitamin D doesn’t make you feel different. But if it does, you might:
- Feel very tired
- Have muscle pain and feel weak
- Have pain in your bones
- Feel sad or moody
- Kids might get soft, weak bones that bend, which can cause legs to bow or bend. This is called rickets.
Certain groups of people are more likely to have low Vitamin D levels, such as:
- People who don’t get much sunlight (like those living in cold places or who stay indoors a lot).
- People with darker skin (because dark skin doesn’t absorb as much sunlight).
- People with certain health problems that make it hard for their body to use Vitamin D (like liver problems or some diseases).
- People who take certain medicines that make it harder for their body to use Vitamin D (like some medicines for seizures).
Risks Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency
Having low levels of Vitamin D can make you more likely to get:
- Breathing problems
- Weak bones, which can break easily (called osteoporosis)
- obesity
- Metabolic syndrome
- Type 2 diabetes
- Cancer
- Heart problems (though scientists are still figuring this out)
- Feeling really sad or depressed
Scientists are also looking into whether low Vitamin D might be connected to diseases where the body attacks itself, like multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Dr. Shlomo Widder
Dr. Shlomo Widder, a board-certified plastic surgeon with over three decades of experience since 1985, emphasizes the significant advantages of maintaining adequate Vitamin D levels. According to Dr. Widder,
Restoring Vitamin D levels provides tremendous benefits. Patients report improved bone health, mood, immunity, and less fatigue or pain.Recent studies show D deficiency is linked to various diseases. Supplementing may help prevent health issues and promote vitality. Overall, D3 at proper levels is essential for wellness and quality of life.
What Are the Sources of Vitamin D3?
- Foods with Vitamin D3: You can find Vitamin D3 in foods that come from animals. Some of the best sources are cod liver oil, trout, and salmon. You can also get smaller amounts from eggs, sardines, tuna, and beef liver.
- Cod Liver Oil: Taking cod liver oil supplements is a great way to keep your Vitamin D levels healthy. Plus, it’s also full of omega-3 fatty acids, which are good for your heart and brain.
- Sunlight: Your skin can make Vitamin D3 when you spend time in the sun. When your body has enough Vitamin D3, it just stops making more, so you can’t get too much from the sun. But remember to wear sunscreen to protect your skin!
What Are the Sources of Vitamin D2?
- Foods with Vitamin D2: Not many foods have a lot of Vitamin D2. Some foods, like cereals, orange juice, cow’s milk, and plant milk (like almond, oat, and soy milk), have Vitamin D2 added to them. You should check the labels to see if they have been fortified with Vitamin D2.
- Mushrooms: Mushrooms that grow in the sun, like cremini, portobello, maitake, and others, have a lot of Vitamin D2. Some mushrooms are even grown under special UV light to increase their Vitamin D2 levels. By adding Mushroom supplements can boost a natural source of Vitamin D2, making them ideal for individuals following a vegan or plant-based lifestyle.
How Much Vitamin D Should You Take Daily?
How much Vitamin D you need each day depends on your age. Here’s what’s recommended:
Age/Life Stage | How Much Vitamin D You Need |
---|---|
Babies (Birth to 12 months) | 10 mcg or 400 IU |
Kids & Teens (1-18 years old) | 15 mcg or 600 IU |
Adults (19-70 years old) | 15 mcg or 600 IU |
Older Adults (71 years and older) | 20 mcg or 800 IU |
Pregnant and breastfeeding women | 15 mcg or 600 IU |
But if you don’t have enough Vitamin D in your body, your doctor might tell you to take more for a while until your Vitamin D levels are good.
So, how much Vitamin D can you take daily? The exact amount varies, but the recommended daily intake depends on age, life stage, and specific health needs. While 15-20 mcg (600-800 IU) is typical, your doctor can help you figure out the right amount based on your situation. In cases of deficiency, higher doses may be temporarily recommended.
The Bottom Line
You can get Vitamin D from three main places: the sun, food, and vitamins. But what’s the difference between Vitamin D and Vitamin D3?
Vitamin D includes two types: Vitamin D2 (which comes from plants) and Vitamin D3 (which your body makes when you’re in the sun or from eating animal foods). Both types work in your body, but Vitamin D3 is better at raising the levels of Vitamin D in your blood.
If you stay inside a lot, have darker skin, or have been told by a doctor that you don’t have enough Vitamin D, you might need to take Vitamin D3 vitamins. This is an easy way to get more Vitamin D. Make sure to talk to your doctor to find out what’s best for you.
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References
- Biochemistry, Fat Soluble Vitamins - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534869/
- Comparison of the Effect of Daily Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration (Total 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D2, and 25(OH)D3) and Importance of Body Mass Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37865222/
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